• Variability in Rainfall: Rainfall in India is very uncertain, which increases the element of risk and makes crop production rather difficult.
• Unequal Distribution of Rainfall: In most parts of the country, 80% of the annual rainfall is received from June to September from the south-west monsoon. Saurashtra-Kutch region of Gujarat, western half of Rajasthan and parts of Punjab and Haryana are in the arid zone, where there is a constant deficiency of water.
