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In 2015, Naveen left his luxurious life in Mumbai, where he worked as a manager for Blue Birds Ltd. He shifted to Begampur, Chhattisgarh to fulfill his grandmother's dream of converting their 25-acre ancestral land into a fertile farm. For this, he set out specific goals along with the activities to be performed to achieve the goals. Every activity was a challenge since he was clueless about farming. He learnt every activity from tilling the land to sowing the seeds. To aid farmers, he launched his own company ‘Innovative Agriculture Solutions Pvt. Ltd’. It was difficult initially as no one trusted an urban youth telling farmers about farming. But when everything was discussed in detail, the farmers started taking interest. He wanted to ensure that the future events meet effectively the best interests of the company. Through sales forecasting, he prepared an annual plan for production and sales.

He also found that the farmers grew only paddy, which was an activity of 3-4 months and the land remained idle for the rest 8-9 months of the year. He not only identified but evaluated various alternatives through which the farms could be utilised for the remaining months of the year. Through correct foresight and logical and systematic thinking based on analysis of all facts, all alternatives were examined and evaluated. He presented a plan to the farmers, where after harvesting paddy, vegetables could be grown.

The above case highlights the features of one of the functions of management. By quoting lines from the above identify and explain these features.

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Features of Planning:

Line: he set out specific goals .................... the goals.

(i) Planning focuses on achieving objectives: Planning starts with the determination of objectives and decides the methods, strategy or course of action to achieve these objectives.

Line: Through sales forecasting ................. and sales.

(ii) Planning is futuristic: All the managers try to make predictions and assumptions for the future with the regular scanning of general environment. Thus planning is looking ahead or futuristic.

Line: He not only identified .................... year".

(iii) Planning involves decision making: It involves choice of the most suitable or the best from amongst the various alternative courses of action.

Line: Through correct foresight evaluated".

(iv) Planning is a mental exercise: It is an intellectual activity requiring high order thinking skills with logic and reasoning power to evaluate and decide the best course of action.

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