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Explain about the variation of atomic radius along a period of 3d series.

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1. In general, atomic radius decreases along a period. But for the 3d transition elements, the expected decrease in atomic radius is observed from Sc to V , thereafter upto Cu the atomic radius nearly remains the same.

2. As we move from Sc to Zn in 3d series, the extra electrons are added to the 3d orbitals, the added 3d electrons only partially shield the increased nuclear charge and hence the effective nuclear charge increases slightly.

3. However, the extra electrons added to the 3d sub shell strongly repel the 4s electrons and these two forces are operated in opposite direction and as they tend to balance each other, it leads to constancy in atomic radii.

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