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What is meant by ‘demineralised’ water and how can it be obtained? 

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Demineralised water is free from all soluble mineral salts. It does not contain any anions or cations. Demineralised water is obtained by passing water successively through a cation exchange (in the H+ form) and an anion exchange (in the OHform) resin. 

During the cation exchange process, H+ exchanges for Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and other cations present in water.

In the anion exchange process, OH exchanges for anions such as 

OH ions liberated in reaction (2) neutralize H+ ions liberated in reaction (1), thereby forming water. 

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