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Explain various patterns of organisation in animals.

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Animals exhibit different patterns of organisation: Cellular level of organisation :

  • Cells are loosely arranged without the formation of tissues. 
  • There is division of labour among the cells, e.g., sponges.

Tissue level of organisation :

  • Cells which perform similar function are grouped into tissues. 
  • The tissues perform a common function, e.g., cnidarians.

Organ level of organisation : Different kinds of tissues aggregate to form an organ to perform a specific function e.g., flatworms and other hyper phyla.

Organ system level of organisation : 

  • The tissues are organised to form organs and organ systems. 
  • All the organ system function in a coordinated manner.

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