(i) r = -x3
It is the reflection on y axis
(ii) y = x3 + 1
The graph of y = x3 + 1 is shifted upward to 1 unit.
(iii) y = x3 – 1
The graph of y = x3 – 1 is shifted downward to 1 unit.
(iv) y = (x + 1)3
The graph of y = (x + 1)3 is shifted to the left for 1 unit.
(v) y = x1/3