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An organic compound (A) of molecular formula C7H8 on reaction with hot alkaline KMnO4 gives (B) of formula C7H6O2 which gives brisk effervescence with NaHCO3 solution. (B) on reaction with sodium hydroxide gives (C) of formula C7H5O2Na. Compound (C) on treatment with sodalime gives (D) the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon.

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1. From the molecular formula (A) is identified as Toluene. Toluene on treatment with hot alkaline KMnO4 , oxidation take place and the product (B) formed is Benzoic acid.

2. Benzoic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to give sodium benzoate as compound (C)

3. Sodium benzoate on reaction with sodalime (NaOH + CaO) decarboxylation take place and the product (D) formed is Benzene.

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