1. From the molecular formula (A) is identified as Toluene. Toluene on treatment with hot alkaline KMnO4 , oxidation take place and the product (B) formed is Benzoic acid.
2. Benzoic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to give sodium benzoate as compound (C)
3. Sodium benzoate on reaction with sodalime (NaOH + CaO) decarboxylation take place and the product (D) formed is Benzene.