Question

Explain about the classification of elements based on electronic configuration.

Answer 1

• The distribution of electrons into orbitals, s, p, d and f of an atom is called its electronic configuration. The electronic configuration of an atom is characterized by a set of four quantum numbers, n, l, m and s. of these the principal quantum number (n) defines the main energy level known as shells. 
• The position of an element in the periodic table is related to the configuration of that element and thus reflects the quantum numbers of the last orbital filled.
• The electronic configuration of elements in the periodic table can be studied along the periods and groups separately for the best classification of elements. 
• Elements placed in a horizontal row of a periodic table is called a period. There are seven periods. 
• A vertical column of the periodic table is called a group. A group consists of a series of elements having similar configuration of the outermost shell. There are 18 groups in periodic table.