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in Periodic Classification of Elements by (44.9k points)
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Why ionization energy and electron affinity are calculated in gaseous state?

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  • Inter molecular force can affect the value of ionization energy and electron affinity. 
  • In gaseous state, there is little inter molecular force in a substance and it can be considered negligible In some cases. So the value of I.E and E.A are almost unaffected if they are calculated for gaseous atoms. 
  • When we arc talking about ionization energy and electron affinity, we need to consider atoms and we can find free atoms only when the substance is in gaseous state.

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