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Write a short note on RESONANCE EFFECT. 

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The polarity produced in the molecule by the interaction of two pi bonds or between a pi bond and loan pair of electron present on an adjacent atom is known as RESONANCE EFFECT. There are two types of resonance effect: 

Positive resonance effect ;  (Transfer of electron is away from an atom or substituent group attached to the conjugated system) +R effect e.g. –OH, -OR, -NH2 

Negative resonance ;          (Transfer of electron is towards the atom or substituent group attached to the conjugated system) –R effect e.g. –COOH, -CHO, -CN 

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