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Explain the primary structure of T.S Dicot stem.

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The internal structure of Dicot stem has 

(i) Epidermis :

  • Outer most layer of dicot stem made up of tightly packed parenchyma cells.
  • Outer wall is covered by thick cuticle which check transpiration.
  • Few stomata and multicellular hairs are present in epidermal cells.

(ii) Cortex : 

Cortex is differentiated into 3 zones:

  • Hypodermis : The layer below the epidermis is called Hypodermis. It is made by few layers of collenchymatous cells which gives mechanical strength.
  • Middle cortex : Inner to hypodermis is made up of few layer of chlorenchymatous tissue which helps in photosynthesis.
  • Inner cortex : Inner cortex is made by parenchyma cells which stores food materials. The inner most layer of cortex is called endodermis. The cells are compactly arranged in barrel shaped cells that contain starch grains. So this layer also called starch sheath.

(iii) Stele : 

Central part inner to endodermis is called stele. It contains pericycle, vascular bundle and pith.

  • Pericycle : A few layer of sclerenchyma cells occurs in patches outside the phloem in each vascular bundle.
  • Vascular bundle : Vascular bundle are conjoint collateral, endarch and open. They are arranged in the form of ring. 
  • Pith : Large central part, composed if parenchyma cells with intercellular spaces. Function is to store the food.

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