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Discuss the Kekule’s structure of benzene.

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Kekule suggested that benzene consists of a cyclic planar structure of six carbon with alternate single and double bonds.

There were two objections: 

1. Benzene forms only one ortho disubstituted products whereas the Kekule’s structure predicts two ortho disubstituted products as shown:

2. Kekule’s structure failed to explain why benzene with three double bonds did not give addition reaction like alkenes. To overcome this objection, Kekule suggested that henzene was a resonance hybrid of two forms(1 and 2) which are in rapid equilibrium.

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