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Describe fluid connective tissue.

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The blood and the lymph are the fluid connective tissues which link different parts of the body. The cells of the connective tissue are loosely spaced and are embedded in an intercellular matrix.

(a) Blood: contains corpuscles which are red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leucocytes) and platelets. In this fluid connective tissue, the blood cells move in a fluid matrix called plasma. The plasma contains inorganic salts and organic substances. 

It is a main circulating fluid that helps in the transport of substances.

1. Red blood corpuscles (Erythrocytes): The red blood corpuscles are oval-shaped, circular, biconcave disc-like and lack nucleus when mature (mammalian RBC). They contain a respiratory pigment called hemoglobin which is involved in the transport of oxygen to tissues.

2. White blood corpuscles (Leucocytes): They are larger in size, contain a distinct nucleus and are colorless. They are capable of amoeboid movement and play an important role in body’s defense mechanism. 

WBC’s are of two types.

  • Granulocytes (with granules in the cytoplasm): have irregular shaped nuclei and cytoplasmic granules. They include neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils.
  • Agranulocytes (without granules in the cytoplasm): lack cytoplasmic granules and include the lymphocytes which have a spherical nucleus and the monocytes which have a large nucleus indented on one side. They engulf or destroy foreign bodies and neutralize their harmful effects.
  • Blood platelets: They are minute, anucleated, fragile fragments of giant bone marrow called megakaryocytes. They play an important role in the blood clotting mechanism.

(b) Lymph: Lymph is a colorless fluid filtered out of the blood capillaries. It consists of plasma and white blood cells. It mainly helps in the exchange of materials between blood and tissue fluids.

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