Even though there are various causes that are leading to the degradation of the environment but the increase in pollution cannot be ignored. Moreover, the development of the industries is responsible for the Air, Water, Land and Noise pollution. The different types of pollution which lead to the degradation of the environment are –
- Air Pollution – Air is getting polluted due to the presence of undesirable gases such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide in high quantity. Chemical industries, paper factories, brick kilns, refineries, smelting plants, burning of fossil fuels in small and big factories discharge smoke without considering pollution norms.
- Water Pollution – water gets polluted by the organic and inorganic industrial wastes and effluents discharge by the industries into the water. Dyes, detergents, acids, salts, heavy metals like lead, mercury, pesticides and fertilisers synthetic chemicals with carbon, plastics and rubber are discharge into the water by chemical paper, pulp, textile and dyeing, petroleum refineries, tanneries, and electroplating industries. Thermal pollution occurs when hot water is discharged into the water from factories and thermal plants before cooling.
- Land Pollution – When wastes like glass, harmful chemicals, industrial effluents, packaging, salts, and garbage are dumped into the soil, it makes it useless. Also, rains take these pollutants to the underground making groundwater contaminated.
- Noise Pollution – Hearing impairment, increased heart rate and blood pressure, stress are the effects of noise pollution. It occurs due to the noise made by the machinery, industrial and construction activities, factory equipment, generators, saws, pneumatic, and electric drills.
All this pollution affects the environment in various ways.
