Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary, born in Genoa in 1807. He was a member of the secret society of the Carbonari. Later he himself founded two secret societies, first, Young Italy in Marseilles, and the second, Young Europe in Berne, to spread his revolutionary ideas. He believed that nations are natural units of mankind and thus should not be fragmented into smaller states and kingdoms. He sought to unify Italy into a single republic which could form the basis of Italian liberty. He relentlessly opposed the monarchy and brought in sight his vision of a democratic republic. He also attempted to bring revolution in Liguria in 1831.
