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Critically analyse the Socio economic benefits that are being experienced by the implementation of Integrated Tribal Development Project in Bharmaur district of Himachal Pradesh.

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Under the fifth five-year plan, the tribal sub-plan was introduced in 1974and Bharmaur was designated as one of the five Integrated Tribal Development Projects (ITDP) in Himachal Pradesh. This project drastically improved the life of the Gaddis and narrowed the gap in the level of development between Bharmaur and other areas of Himachal Pradesh. A lot of development was made in the field of transport and communication, agriculture and allied activities and social and community services. The most significant contribution of the ITDP -in the region is the development of infrastructure in terms of schools, healthcare facilities, potable water, roads, electricity and communication network. The villages located along river Ravi in Holi and Khani areas are the main beneficiaries of infrastructural development. The social benefits from ITDP are the tremendous increase in literacy rate, improvement in sex-ratio and decline in child marriages. The cultivation of pulses and other cash crops has increased in Bharmaur region. In addition to this, now only ten percent of the total households practice transhumance.

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