(a) The Principal crops in Thanjavur District are paddy, green gram, black gram, sugarcane, cotton, groundnut, gingelly, coconut, fruits and vegetables in the areas where irrigation facility is available. In the rainfed area cholam, kumbu, ragi, maize, some edible oil seeds, non-edible oil seeds, fodder crops etc.
(b) The land is ideal for growing crops like Rice. The major portion of Thanjavur land consists of alluvial deposits. Thanjavur is known as the Rice bowl of Tamil Nadu.
(c) Soil and Water Management Research Institute Kalluthottam was established in 1972. They conduct research on the improved methods of water conveyance, application and utilization on rice and other crops grown in the Cauvery Delta zone.