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Give a detailed explanation about droughts.

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Droughts:

Any lack of water to satisfy the normal needs of agriculture, livestock, industry or human population may be termed as a drought.

Classifications of drought:

The drought could be classified into three major types.

They are: 

1. Meteorological drought:

It is a situation where there is a reduction in rainfall for a specific period below ‘ a specific level. 

2. Hydrological drought:

It is associated with reduction of water in streams, rivers and reservoirs. It is of two types.

  • Surface water
  • Ground water drought

3. Agricultural drought:

  • It refers to the condition in which the agricultural crops get affected due to lack of rainfall.
  • Droughts in India occur in the event of failure monsoon.

The Major areas highly prone to drought are:

  • The arid and semi arid region from Ahmadabad to Kanpur on one side and from Kanpur to Jalandhar on the other.
  • The dry region lying in the leeward side of the Western Ghats.

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