Question

Distinguish between the following: 

(i) Exosmosis and Endosmosis. 

(ii) Plasmolysis and Deplasmolysis. 

(iii) Active and Passive Transport.

Answer 1

(i) Exosmosis and Endosmosis.

S.No.	Endosmosis	Endosmosis
(i)	It is the movement of water molecules from the cell to the exterior.	It is the movement of water molecules into the cell from outside.
(ii)	It takes place when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution.	It takes place when a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution.
(iii)	Turgor pressure on the cell wall decreases, e.g., crenation of RBCs when kept in concentrated sugar solution.	Turgor pressure on the cell wall increases, e.g., swelling of raisins when placed in water.

(ii) Plasmolysis and Deplasmolysis.

S.No.	Plasmolysis	Deplasmolysis
(i)	It is the shrinkage of the protoplast of the cell from its cell wall.	It is the It is the swelling of the cytoplasm of a plasmolyzed cell.
(ii)	It takes place when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution.	It takes place when a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution.
(iii)	It takes place due to exosmosis e.g., when grapes are placed in honey.	It takes place due to endosmosis. e.g., swelling of raisins when placed in water

(iii) Active and Passive Transport.

S.No.	Active Transport	Passive Transport
(i)	This is a rapid process.	This is a slow process.
(ii)	Energy is needed.	No need of energy.
(iii)	It is a vital process.	It is a physical process.
(iv)	Movement in one direction only.	Movement in both direction.
(v)	Requires carrier proteins.	Does not require carrier proteins.
(vi)	Movement of metabolites against concentration gradient.	Movement of metabolites along concentration gradient.