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(i) Define refractive index of a medium.

(ii) In the following ray diagram, calculate the speed of light in the liquid of unknown refractive index.

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(i) Refractive index of a medium is the ratio of speed of light (c) in the free space to the speed of light (v) in that medium.

\(μ=\frac{c}{v}\) 

(ii) \(μ=\frac{c}{v}=\frac{1}{sin\,i_c}\) 

\(\frac{3 \times 10^8}{v}=\frac{1}{\frac {30}{50}}\) 

\(v=\frac{30}{50}\times3\times10^8=1.8\times10^8m/s\)

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