The topmost layer of the soil that contains humus and living organisms (bacteria, fungi, nematodes, earthworms, etc.) in addtion to the mineral particles is called topsoil. The removal and transporation of top soil from its original position to another place with the help of certain agents such as strong winds and fast running waters, is called soil erosion. Action of walking and grazing by the hoofed animals (e.g., sheep, goats, donkeys, horses, mules, cattles etc). too result in soil erosion.
