Answer:
1. Answer: (a) two
Explanation: There are two modes of reproduction in animals and plants; they're referred to as sexually and asexually reproduction. Every living organism reproduces through two different modes of reproduction, i.e., sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction.
2. Answer: (c) Amoeba
Explanation: Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction typically observed in prokaryotes and a few single-celled eukaryotes. In this method of asexual reproduction, there is a separation of the parent cell into two new daughter cells.
3. Answer: (c) sponge
Explanation: Sponges are also capable of asexual reproduction. This is accomplished by one of two mechanisms. external budding or internal budding. External budding is when a portion of the sponge breaks off and then regenerates into a complete organism.
4. Answer: (c) both (a) and (b)
Explanation: Hydra is a fresh water living organism which usually divides with the asexual mode of replication that is, budding. During unfavorable conditions, Hydra chooses a different mode of reproduction, i.e. Sexual mode of reproduction.
5. Answer: (a) viviparous
Explanation: Animals that give birth to their young ones are called viviparous. The young ones resemble their parents. Oviparous animals lay eggs while ovo-viviparous organisms produce eggs that develop and hatch inside the mother's body till they are fully developed and born alive.
6. Answer: (a) three parts
Explanation: The sperm basically consists of three parts: Head, Tail and Middle piece.
7. Answer: (c) oogenesis
Explanation: The process through which ova are formed is known as "oogenesis".
8. Answer: (c) Oviduct
Explanation: In a human early development of fertilized egg takes place in the fallopian tube (oviduct). Zygote enters the uterus 3rd day after fertilization (morula stage).
9. Answer: (c) zygote
Explanation: Fertilization is the fusion of the male and female sex gametes so as to produce an embryo/zygote. This 2-celled embryo is called the zygote.
10. Answer: (c) Sperm, oviduct, egg, uterus
Explanation: Sperms are generally released by the testis. Sperm duct opens up into the penis to ejaculate the sperm.The unfertilized egg is shed off during menstruation. The uterine tubes are also known as oviduct. In human beings, sperm is released into the oviduct which fertilises with the egg to form a zygote. Eggs develop in the ovary and are ovulated by them.Ovulation leads to the release of the egg. The uterine tubes are also known as oviduct.
11. Answer: (d) Butterfly
Explanation: Butterfly is not a viviparous animal. Animals such as hen, frog, lizard and butterfly which lay eggs are called oviparous animals.
12. Answer: (d) yeast
Explanation: Budding occurs in yeast.
13. Answer: (b) less than external fertilization
Explanation: In the case of external fertilisation, the number of eggs produced is more than the number of eggs produced in internal fertilisation. External fertilisation usually occurs in aquatic animals. These animals lay hundreds of eggs and release millions of sperms. However, many of the eggs do not get fertilised (fuse with sperm) to develop into new individuals. This is because the eggs and sperm get exposed to water currents and wind. Also, there are other animals (predators) which may feed on these eggs. Thus, production of a large number of eggs and sperm is necessary to ensure fertilisation of at least a few of them.
14. Answer: (c) 2
Explanation: In sexual reproduction such as humans, two parents are required. In the case of plants, male and female reproductive parts are required.
15. Answer: (b) Fallopian tube
Explanation: Fertilisation is the fusion of male and female gametes. In human beings, it takes place in the fallopian tube of the female reproductive system.
16. Answer: (a) Cow
Explanation: Animals like cows, cats and dogs give birth to young individuals, hence they are called viviparous animals whereas frogs, hens and silkworms lay eggs, and hence they are called oviparous.
17.Answer: (c) Metamorphosis
Explanation: The transformation of the larva into an adult through drastic changes is called metamorphosis. Frogs, butterflies, silkworm, etc., undergo metamorphosis.
18. Answer: (b) Sperm
Explanation: Male gametes in humans are called sperms. Sperms are produced by testes. Sperms fuse with egg produced by ovaries to form a zygote.
19. Answer: (d) a pair of ovaries
Explanation: The testes is a part of the male reproductive system that produce male gametes called sperms. Sperms fuse with the female gamete, ovum to form the zygote. Zygote develops into the embryo which later develops into the foetus.
20. Answer: (b) There are more variations
Explanation: Since the characteristics of two individuals are combined in sexual reproduction, more variations are seen in the offspring. More variations in offspring ensure better survival in changing environmental conditions.
21. Answer: (a) Cat
Explanation: Viviparous animals give birth to their young ones. Cat is an example of an animal that gives birth to it’s young ones. On the other hand, hen, fish and cobra lay eggs and are termed as oviparous animals.
22. Answer: (c) embryo
Explanation: The developing zygote is called embryo.
23. Answer: (c) Fertilization outside and gestation inside womb of mother
Explanation: In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process by which an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body: in-vitro. The process involves monitoring and stimulating a woman's ovulatory process, removing ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from the woman's ovaries and letting sperm fertilize them in a liquid in a laboratory. The fertilized egg (zygote) is cultured in a growth medium and is then implanted in the same or another woman's uterus, with the intention of establishing a successful pregnancy.
24. Answer: (c) Cloned sheep
Explanation: Dolly (5 July 1996 – 14 February 2003) was a female Finnish Dorset sheep and the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell.
25. Answer: (a) in a female body
Explanation: Internal fertilization occurs most often in land-based animals, although some aquatic animals also use this method. ... In oviparity, fertilized eggs are laid outside the female's body and develop there, receiving nourishment from the yolk that is a part of the egg.
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