In the stage 1 both birth rates and death rates are high. The difference between the two is very less and therefore, population is stable.
In stage 1 birth rates are high due to limited educational opportunities, people feel having many children is good. Therefore, families are big.
In stage 1, due to lack of sanitation facilities, medical facilities, spread of contagious diseases, malnutrition, etc., death rate is high.
In stage 5 birth rates and death rates are very low. Birth rates are almost equal to death rates.
As a result, the population growth is almost minimal or very low or even negative in case of some countries.
In stage 5, death rate is low because of improved medical facilities, eradication of contagious diseases and healthy environment.
In stage 5, due to increase in awareness among the people, birth rate is low.
