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in Chemistry by (46.4k points)

Differentiate between: 

(a) Solidification and condensation 

(b) Melting and boiling 

(c) Gas and vapour 

(d) Miscible and immiscible liquids.

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(a) Solidification : The process of changing liquid into a solid state by cooling is known as solidification. 

Example : water → ice. 

Condensation : The process of changing a gas or vapour state to a liquid state by cooling is known as condensation. 

Example : steam → water. 

(b) Melting : The fixed temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid at a given pressure is called its melting point. e.g. ice → water. 

Boiling : The fixed temperature at which a liquid starts changing into gaseous state is called its boiling point. e.g. water → steam. 

(c) Vapourisation : The process by which a substance changes from a liquid state to vapour state is called vaporisation or evaporation. e.g., Water changes into gaseous state on heating. 

Gas : The substance which remain in the gaseous state under normal conditions of temperature and pressure are called gases. e.g, Oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen. 

(d) Miscible: Liquids which mix with each other are called miscible liquids. 

Example : Water and alcohol. 

Immiscible liquids : Liquids which do not mix with each other are called immiscible liquids. Example Water and oil.

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