Spermatogenesis is under the control of endocrine hormones. In human male reproductive system, spermatogenesis starts at the age of puberty due to significant increase in the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone by hypothalamus. The increased level of GnRH then acts on the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of the two gonadotropins: Luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). LH acts on leydig cells and stimulates synthesis and secretion of androgens, like testosterone which stimulates spermatogenesis. FSH acts on the Sertoli cells and stimulates secretion of some factors which help in the process of spermiogenesis. Excess of testosterone inhibits the secretion of LHP and GnRH. A glycoprotein called inhibin suppresses FSH synthesis. Thus normal release of testosterone is under negative feedback control.
