The test-tube baby programme involves mainly following two principal procedures.
(i) ln-Vitro fertilization (IVF) : It is the fertilization outside the body in the conditions almost similar to those which exist in the body. The ova and sperms from the donor parents are taken induced to form the zygote in the laboratory outside the body of female and then the zygote is transferred into the fallopian tube.
(ii) Embryo transfer (ET) : The embryo is transferred into the reproductive tract. The zygote is allowed to divide so as to form about 8-blastomeres. The zygote or the embryo in early stage of development is to transferred into the fallopian tube by Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer (ZIFT) technique, if the embryo is in a bit later stage having about 8 blastomeres it is transferred into uterus by intrauterine transfer (IUT) of infertile female partner or into that of surrogate mother for giving birth to the baby.