Question

Who was the first Indian Scientist to win a Nobel Prize ?
1. C. V. Raman
2. Amartya Sen
3. Har govind Khorana
4. Subramanian Chandrashekhar
5.

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : C. V. Raman

The correct answer is C.V. Raman.

• Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman was an Indian physicist known for his work in the field of light scattering.
• CV Raman was India’s first physicist to win a Nobel Physics Prize in 1930 “for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him".
• This phenomenon is now called Raman scattering and is the result of the Raman effect, which is named after him.
  • Raman effect is helpful in analyzing the composition of liquids, gases, and solids.
  • February 28 is being commemorated as National Science Day to recall the great discovery of CV Raman.
• He was appointed the first National Professor by the new government following India’s independence in 1947 and founded the Raman Research Institute in Bangalore a year later, working there until the day he died in 1970.
• In 1954, the Government of India honored him with the first Bharat Ratna, its highest civilian award.
• He later smashed the medallion in protest against Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's policies on scientific research.

• Nobel Prize:
  • It is a prestigious prize awarded separately in six different fields “to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind”.
    • The prize was awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. 
•  Amartya Sen: 
  • Economist Amartya Sen was the winner of the 1998 Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences.
  • The award was introduced by the Nobel Prize Committee in memory of Alfred Nobel, “for his contributions to welfare economics".
  • Sen has made contributions to welfare economics, social choice theory, economic and social justice, economic theories of famines, decision theory, development economics, public health, and measures of well-being of countries.
  • He was best known for his work on the causes of famine, which led to the development of practical solutions for preventing or limiting the effects of real or perceived shortages of food.
• Hargovind Khorana: 
  • Har Gobind Khorana )was an Indian American biochemist.
  • The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968 was awarded to Har Gobind Khorana "for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis."
  • In 2009, Khorana was hosted by the Khorana Program and honored at the 33rd Steenbock Symposium in Madison, Wisconsin.
  • On 9 January 2018, a Google Doodle celebrated the achievements of Har Gobind Khorana on what would have been his 96th birthday.
• Subramanian Chandrashekhar :
  • He was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics with William A. Fowler for " theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars".
  •  In 1930, 19-year-old Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar discovered that stars were destined to collapse into nothingness and become black holes