Question

In chemistry, the carbonyl group is a functional group in which a carbon atom is _____
1. single-bonded to an oxygen atom
2. single-bonded to a hydrogen atom
3. double-bonded to a hydrogen atom
4. double-bonded to an oxygen atom

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 4 : double-bonded to an oxygen atom

The correct answer is double-bonded to an oxygen atom

• A carbonyl group is a chemically organic functional group composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom [C=O].
• The simplest carbonyl groups are aldehydes and ketones usually attached to another carbon compound.
• These structures can be found in many aromatic compounds contributing to smell and taste.
• The double bonds in alkenes and double bonds in carbonyl groups are very different in terms of reactivity.
• The C=C is less reactive due to C=O electronegativity attributed to the oxygen and its two lone pairs of electrons.
• One pair of the oxygen lone pairs are located in 2s while the other pair are in 2p orbital where its axis is directed perpendicular to the direction of the pi orbitals.
• The Carbonyl groups properties are directly tied to its electronic structure as well as geometric positioning.
• For example, the electronegativity of oxygen also polarizes the pi bond allowing the single bonded substituent connected to become electron withdrawing.