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Consider the following statements:

(1) Around 80 percent of the girls wore uniform, Rani is a girl. Therefore, she wore uniform.

(2) Some actors in the school drama are girls. Aby is a boy. Therefore, Aby is an actor.


1. (1) is a inductive statement and (2) is a deductive statement
2. (1) is a strong deductive statement and (2) is weak deductive statement
3. (1) is strong inductive statement and (2) is weak inductive statement
4. (1) is deductive statement and (2) is inductive statement

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Correct Answer - Option 2 : (1) is a strong deductive statement and (2) is weak deductive statement

  • The main difference between inductive and deductive reasoning is that inductive reasoning aims at developing a theory while deductive reasoning aims at testing an existing theory.
  • Inductive reasoning moves from specific observations to broad generalizations, and deductive reasoning the other way around.

  • When conducting deductive research, researcher always start with a theory (the result of inductive research).
  • Reasoning deductively means-testing these theories.
  • If there is no theory yet, ha/she cannot conduct deductive research.
  • The deductive research approach consists of four stages: Existing theory > formulation of hypothesis > collection of data > Acceptance or rejection

(1) Around 80 percent of the girls wore uniforms, Rani is a girl. Therefore, she wore a uniform. 

  • When there is little to no existing literature on a topic, it is common to perform inductive research because there is no theory to test.
  • The inductive approach consists of three stages: Observation > Observed pattern > Development of theory

    (2) Some actors in the school drama are girls. Aby is a boy. Therefore, Aby is an actor.

    Hence, (1) is a strong deductive statement and (2) is weak deductive statement

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