Question

Which cell-organelle is a compartment of human cells that serve as the energy- producing ‘powerhouses’?
1. Ribosomes
2. Endoplasmic Reticulum
3. Golgi Apparatus
4. Mitochondria

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 4 : Mitochondria

The correct answer is Mitochondria.

• Mitochondria is a compartment of human cells that serve as the energy-producing ‘powerhouses’.

• The mitochondria-
  • The mitochondrion is a double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms.
  • It is considered as the power generator of the cell that converts oxygen and nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) which is the chemical energy "currency" of the cell and powers the metabolic activities of the cell.
• Endoplasmic Reticulum-
  • The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle made up of membranous sheets and tubules.
  • It can either be smooth or rough, and its main function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function.
• Ribosomes-
  • The ribosome is an organelle present in large numbers in all living cells and serves as the site of protein synthesis.
  • It occurs both as free particles in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and as particles attached to the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells.
• Golgi Apparatus-
  • The Golgi apparatus is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells.
  • It is responsible for packaging proteins into vesicles before secretion and therefore it plays a key role in the secretory pathway.