Correct Answer - Option 4 : All the above
Mental retardation is a developmental disability characterized by inadequate adaptation to societal demands. Mental retardation results in limited mental abilities and delays in achieving milestones in all areas of development.
Causes of mental retardation: It is a multidimensional problem of a combination of psycho-social, cultural, biological, and environmental factors.
- Injury or disease can trigger a process that leads to Mental disability. They place individuals in circumstances leading to impairment and functional limitations.
- The process of cell division or multiplication at conception becomes defective and the child thus conceived has a defect, even though the parents did not have it.
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Injury to the head due to an accident, or hitting the child on the head can cause brain damage. The signs and symptoms of a head injury may develop immediately or gradually, over a period of time.
- The mental impairment in these cases is usually related to brain damage and gross structural defects are often apparent in the nervous system. It can also be due to infections and intoxications by the mother during her pregnancy or inside the womb.
Thus, it is concluded that Mental Retardation in a child can be due to some accident after birth, at the time of conception, or inside the womb of the mother.
