Question

Bipolar disorders are treated with the following medications, EXCEPT
1. Lithium
2. Amphetamine
3. Valporic acid
4. Carbamazepine

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 2 : Amphetamine

Concept:-

• Bipolar Disorder (BPD) is also called a Manic-depressive disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels of an individual.
• Amphetamines are not the drug of choice for BPD because these are centrally-acting medications that stimulate the CNS.
• These are drugs of choice for Attention deficit hyperactive disorders (ADHD). Which can exacerbate the symptoms of BPD and hence are contraindicated and counterproductive.

Drug of Choice:

• Mood stabilizing medication includes
  • Lithium - It works by increasing the activity of chemical messengers in the brain.
    • Route: Orally
    • Normal serum lithium level: 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L (> 1.5  mEq/L causes lithium toxicity)
    • Therefore level of serum lithium level is to be checked after every 12 hours
    • Common Side effects include Leucocytosis, Frequent urination, thirst, tremors, and vertigo. 
• Anti convulsant which acts as mood stabilizer e.g. Valproic acid and Carbamazepine

Apart from the medication the BPD also includes:

• Psychotherapy such as Cognitive Behavior therapy
• Psychoeducation
• Electro convulsive therapy