Question

Match the following:

List - I	List - II
(a) Zamindari system	(i) William Bentinck
(b) Drain of wealth	(ii) Thomas Munro
(c) Mahalwari system	(iii) Lord Cornwallis
(d) Ryotwari system	(iv) Dadabhai Naroji

1. (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii)
2. (a) - (i), (b) - (ii), (c) - (iii), (d) - (iv)
3. (a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)
4. (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii)

The correct answer is (a) - (iii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (ii).

List - I	List - II
Zamindari system	Lord Cornwallis
Drain of wealth	Dadabhai Naroji
Mahalwari system	William Bentinck
Ryotwari system	Thomas Munro

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• The Zamindari System :
  • The zamindari system was introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793 through Permanent Settlement that fixed the land rights of the members in perpetuity without any provision for fixed rent or occupancy right for actual cultivators.
  • Under the Zamindari system, the land revenue was collected from the farmers by the intermediaries known as Zamindars.
• The Ryotwari System :
  • In the British territories in southern India, there was a move away from the idea of Permanent Settlement.
  • A system that came to be known as the Ryotwari System, was devised by Captain Alexander Read and Sir Thomas Munro at the end of the 18th century and introduced by the latter when he was governor of Madras Presidency (1819–26).
  • Under the Ryotwari system, the land revenue was paid by the farmers directly to the state.
• The Mahalwari System :
  • The system was popularised by Lord William Bentinck in Agra and Awadh and was later extended to Madhya Pradesh and Punjab.
  • Under the Mahalwari system, the land revenue was collected from the farmers by the village headmen on behalf of the whole village (and not the zamindar).