(i) The loudness or softness of a sound is determined by the amplitude (or intensity) of the wave. In this case the amplitude of R is greater than the amplitude of other vibration modes. Hence, the vibration R will produce more sound than the other two. Louder sound corresponds to the wave of larger amplitude.
(ii) Shrillness or Pitch of a note depends on the wavelength or frequency of wave and here the vibration P has m ore frequency than others. If f is the principle frequency, then
Frequency (P) = 3f
Frequency (Q) = 2f
Frequency (R) = f
Hence P has more shrillness than others.
(iii) If the frequency of vibration of R = f, frequency of vibration of Q = 2f, and that of P =3f.
Ratio fP/fR=3/1
fP:fR=3:1 As f∝1/λ
hence λP/λR=1:3
