Question

State:

1. the formation

2. the components of – a basic salt.

State which of following salts is an – acid, normal or basic salt.

1. bleaching powder

2. potassium mercuric iodide 3. sodium sulphite

4. sodium hydrogen sulphite

5. sodium silver cyanide

6. basic lead nitrate 

7. potassium zincate

8. alum

9. calcium bicarbonate

10. basic copper chloride

11. trisodium phosphate.

Answer 1

(1) Formation of a basic salt: A basic salt is formed by partial replacement of hydroxyl group of a diacidic or triacidic base with an acid radical (or an anion other than OH).

(2) Components of a basic salt: A basic salt contains a cation (other than H⁺ ion), a hydroxyl ion (OH^– from base) and an anion (other than OH^– ion).

For example,

1. Bleaching powder, CaOCl, (Normal salt/Mixed salt)

2. Potassium mercuric iodide, K₂(HgI₄ ) . (Normal salt/Complex salt)

3. Sodium sulphate, Na₂SO₄ (Normal salt)

4. Sodium hydrogen sulphite, NaHSO₃ (Acid salt)

5. Sodium silver cyanide, Na[Ag(CN)₂ ] (Normal salt/Complex salt)

6. Basic lead nitrate, Pb(OH)NO₃ (Basic salt) 

7. Potassium zincate, K₂ZnO₂ (Normal salt) 

8. Alum or potash alum, K₂SO₄ .Al₂ (SO₄)₃ .24H₂O (Normal salt/Double salt)

9. Calcium bicarbonate, Ca(HCO₃)₂ (Acid salt)

10. Basic copper chloride, Cu(OH)Cl (Basic salt)

11. Trisodium phosphate, Na₃PO₄ (Normal salt)