Question

Who among the following Announced the discovery of the new civilization in the Indus Valley to the world in 1924 ?
1. Daya Ram Sahni
2. Sir John Marshall
3. Alexander Cunningham
4. R.S.I.M. Wheeler

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 2 : Sir John Marshall

The Correct Answer is John Marshall.

• The most significant feature of the Indus Valley civilization was the buildings made of bricks.
• Indus Valley Civilization is also known as Harappan Civilization, which flourished around 2500 BC in Pakistan and Western India.
• Some of the important Harappan sites are -
  • Harappa (Pakistan)
  • Mohenjodaro (Pakistan)
  • Sutkagendor (Pakistan)
  • Chanhudaro (Pakistan)
  • Kalibangan (Rajasthan)
  • Lothal and Surkotada (Gujarat)
  • Banawali (Haryana)
  • Dholavira (Gujarat)
• In 1924, John Marshall, Director-General of Archaeological Society of India (ASI), announced the discovery of a new civilization in the Indus Valley to the World.
• Indus Valley Civilization was the largest of the ancient urban civilization of Egypt, Mesopotamia, India, and China.
• ASI was founded by Alexander Cunningham in the year 1861.

 

• The Indus Valley Civilization was spread from present-day North-East Afghanistan to Pakistan and North-West India. This civilization flourished in the river basins of the Ghaggar-Hakra river and the Indus. Indus valley civilization is one of the four oldest civilizations in the world. It is also known as Harappan Civilization and is well-known for its organized planning based on the grid system. Important facts to be remembered 
• John Marshall was the first researcher to use the term, ‘Indus Valley Civilization’.
• Indus Valley Civilization spread from the year 2500 – 1750 BC according to radio-carbon dating.
• The most distinctive feature of the Harappan Civilization was its urbanization.
• Moreover, sheep and goats, dogs, humped cattle buffalo, and elephants were domesticated in the Indus Valley Civilization.
• The capital cities were Mohenjodaro and Harappa.
• The port cities are Sutkagendor, Balakot, Lothal, Allahdino, and Kuntasi.
• The Indus valley people were well-acquainted with the use of both cotton and wool.
• The name of the major cities are given below:
  • Mohenjodaro (Sind)-It is located on the right bank of the Indus.
  • Kalibangan (Rajasthan)-It was on the banks of the river Ghaggar river
  • Chanhudaro-It lies on the left bank of the Indus in the south of Mohenjodaro.
  • Lothal- It is located at the head of the Gulf of Cambay.
  • Surkotada (Gujarat)-It is at the head of the Rann of Kutch.
  • Banawali (Haryana)-It was situated on the banks of the now-extinct Sarasvati
  • Dholavira (Gujarat)-It excavated is in the Kutch district