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What was the fissionable material used in the bombs dropped at Nagasaki (Japan) in the year 1945?
1. Sodium
2. Potassium
3. Plutonium
4. Uranium

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Correct Answer - Option 3 : Plutonium

The correct answer is Plutonium.

  • Plutonium was the fissionable material used in the bombs dropped at Nagasaki (Japan) in the year 1945.
  • Plutonium:
    • Plutonium is the second transuranic element with an atomic number of 94 and part of the actinide group of the periodic table.
    • Plutonium is named after planet Pluto similar to its predecessor neptunium named after the planet Neptune.
    • It is an actinide metal with a silvery-grey appearance but when oxidized it forms a dull coating.
    • This element comprises four oxidation states and six allotropes.
    • It reacts with hydrogen and nitrogen.
    • The metal tends to get warm during alpha decay, to such an extent that it is possible to boil water when the element is present in large amounts.

  • Sodium:
    • Sodium (Na), chemical element of the alkali metal group (Group 1 [Ia]) of the periodic table.
    • Sodium is a very soft silvery-white metal.
    • Sodium is the most common alkali metal and the sixth most abundant element on Earth, comprising 2.8% of Earth’s crust.
    • It occurs abundantly in nature in compounds, especially common salt—sodium chloride (NaCl)—which forms the mineral halite and constitutes about 80% of the dissolved constituents of seawater.
  • Potassium:
    • Potassium (K), a chemical element of Group 1 (Ia) of the periodic table, the alkali metal group, indispensable for both plant and animal life.
    • Potassium was the first metal to be isolated by electrolysis, by the English chemist Sir Humphry Davy, when he obtained the element (1807) by decomposing molten potassium hydroxide (KOH) with a voltaic battery.
  • Uranium:
    • Uranium (U), radioactive chemical element of the actinoid series of the periodic table, atomic number 92.
    • It is an important nuclear fuel.
    • Uranium constitutes about two parts per million of Earth’s crust.
    • Some important uranium minerals are pitchblende (impure U3O8), uraninite (UO2), carnotite (a potassium uranium vanadate), autunite (a calcium uranium phosphate), and torbernite (a copper uranium phosphate).
    • These and other recoverable uranium ores, as sources of nuclear fuels, contain many times more energy than all the known recoverable deposits of fossil fuels.
    • One pound of uranium yields as much energy as 1.4 million kilograms (3 million pounds) of coal.

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