Correct Answer - Option 2 : Graphite
The correct answer is Graphite.
- Graphite is the allotropic form of carbon.
- Graphite, archaically referred to as plumbago, is a crystalline form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure.
- There are various allotropes of carbon:
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diamond, graphite, lonsdaleite, fullerene, C-540, C-70, amorphous carbon, carbon nanotube.
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Diamond and crystalline silicon are isomorphous because they both have a three-dimensional tetrahedral structure.
- Allotropy, the existence of a chemical element in two or more forms, which may differ in the arrangement of atoms in crystalline solids or in the occurrence of molecules that contain different numbers of atoms.
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Coal :
- Coal is a form of amorphous carbon, which is formed by pyrolysis.
- It is an impure form of carbon.
- Charcoal is also an allotrope of carbon that is formed by the process of pyrolysis.
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Diamond :
- Diamond and fullerene are pure forms of carbon.
- Diamond is a solid form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic.
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Lamp Black :
- Lampblack is a simple genuine pigment made of carbon black.
- The pure carbon pigment is made from the residual soot from burning oil and its name comes from the practice of making it with oil lamps.
- Older and less stable blacks made from oil also existed and were called oil black or flame black.
