Correct Answer - Option 2 : Electric potential energy per unit charge is called electric potential.
CONCEPT:
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Electric lines of force: The path along which a unit positive charge will move if it is free to do so in an electric field is called electric lines of force.
- The tangent at any point to these lines gives the direction of the electric field at that point.
- Electric lines of force always flow from higher potential to lower potential.
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Electric Potential: Electric potential energy per unit charge is called electric potential.
\(V=\frac{1}{4\pi ϵ_0}\frac{q}{R} \)
where V is the electrostatic potential, q1 and q2 are the charges, and ϵ0 is the electrical permittivity of the vacuum, R is the distance from the point charge.
- The electrostatic potential is a scalar quantity.
- The relation between the electric field and Electric potential: Electric field is the gradient of electric potential (V) in the x-direction.
\(E = {-dV \over dx}\) or \(V = -E .dr\)
EXPLANATION:
- Option 1:
- Electric lines of force always flow from higher potential to lower potential.
- So it is a wrong statement.
-
Option 2: Electric potential energy per unit charge is called electric potential.
- So it is a correct statement.
-
Option 3: Relation between electric field and potential is given by \(V = -E .dr\)
- So it is a wrong statement.
-
Option 4: Potential doesn't have any direction, so it is a scalar quantity.
- So it is a wrong statement.
- So the correct answer is option 2.
