Correct Answer - Option 2 : Gates
Learning is a change in response or behavior. It is the acquisition of habits, knowledge, and attitudes. It represents a progressive change in behavior. It modifies our behavior by the acquisition of new behavior to meet our needs and requirements. It is transferrable from one situation to another where some similarity of elements exists.
The much prominent educational psychologist E.A. Gates described learning as a modification of an individual's behavior through experience and training.
- Learning includes those factors or forces that bring relatively enduring or permanent changes in our behavior.
- Every individual attempts to learn something to succeed in a situation which he/she perceives as requiring action to attain a goal.
- Learning takes place as a result of stimuli from outside. The changes in the behavior, in the process of learning, are always produced through some training or experiences.
Hence, it could be concluded that Gates stated that "Learning is the modification of behavior through experience and training".
The other psychologists defined learning as:
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Hilgard
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Learning is the process by which an activity originates or is changed through reacting to an encountered situation provided that the characteristics of the change in activity cannot be explained based on native responses, tenderizes, maturation or temporary, states of the organism like fatigue or effect of drugs.
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Skinner
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Learning is the process of progressive behavior adoptions.
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Spencer
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Education has for its object the formation of character.
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