Question

The indicator is SO₂ pollution of air is
1. Lichen
2. Fern
3. Black mould
4. Moss

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : Lichen

Concept:

• The term ''Lichen'' was given by Theophrastus.
• Study of Lichens - Lichenology.
• Father of Lichenology - Erik acharius
• Lichen is a composite thalloid structure of algae & fungi.
• The algal part of Lichen is called phycobiont and the fungal part is called mycobiont. Both algae & fungi remain in symbiotic association i.e. they are beneficial for each other.

Explanation:

• Lichens are good indicators of air pollution. 
• Lichens are sensitive to SO₂ (sulphur dioxide). They die in more concentration of SO₂. Therefore they are not found in those areas (polluted areas) where the concentration of SO₂ is high

 

• Ferns form the largest group of pteridophytes called Pteropsida. Example: Azolla, Salvinia
• Mosses are a member of Bryophyta. It is thallus-like and prostrate or erect and attached to the substratum by unicellular or multicellular rhizoids. They lack true roots, stems, or leaves. They may possess root-like, leaf-like, or stem-like structures.
• Stachybotrys chartarum, also known as black mold or toxic black mold, is a variety of microfungus that produces its conidia in slime heads. It is sometimes found in soil and grain, but the mold is most often detected in cellulose-rich building materials from damp or water-damaged buildings.