Question

Alcohol fermentation by microbes to obtain different types of alcoholic beverages is mainly based on the:
1. Distillation process only
2. All of these
3. Type of nutrient medium only
4. Type of brewer’s yeast used only

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 2 : All of these

Concept:

• Alcohol Fermentation: The biological process, in which sugar molecules are converted into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide with the help of some microbes like yeast and bacteria is called alcohol fermentation.
• It is an anaerobic process i.e. it occurs in the absence of oxygen.
• Different types of alcoholic beverages can be obtained using alcoholic fermentation.
• These are mainly based on:

1. Distillation process
2. Type of nutrient medium used
3. Type of brewer's yeast used

Explanation:

• Different alcoholic beverages are obtained on the basis of:

1. Distillation process: Wine & Beer are obtained without distillation whereas whisky, brandy, and rum are produced by distillation of the fermented broth.
2. Type of nutrient medium used: Beer is obtained by fermentation of grain-mesh whereas, Wine is obtained by fermentation of fruit juices.
3. Type of Breyer's yeast used: Fermentation of mesh-grains to obtain Beer is brought about by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. carisbergensis.

• Fermentation of fruit juices to obtain wine is brought about by Saccharomyces ellipsoidens.
• Thus, option 2 is correct