Question

Splitting of spectral lines in the presence of a magnetic field is called
1. Stark effect
2. Bohr effect
3. Sommerfeld effect
4. Zeeman effect

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 4 : Zeeman effect

The correct answer is the Zeeman effect.

• The splitting of spectral lines in the presence of a magnetic field is known as Zeeman Effect.
  • The effect is due to the distortion of the electron orbitals because of the magnetic field.
  • The atomic energy levels, the transitions between these levels are influenced by a magnetic field. 
  • If there are magnetic fields present, the atomic energy levels are split into a more extensive number of levels and the spectral lines are also split.

Effect	Explanation
Stark Effect	The splitting of a spectral line in presence of an electric field is called the Stark effect.
Bohr Effect	The Bohr effect explains how low pH (acidity) decreases haemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen, making haemoglobin more likely to offload oxygen in areas of low pH.
Sommerfeld Effect	It is a phenomenon arising from feedback in the energy exchange between vibrating systems: for example, when for the rocking table, under given conditions, energy transmitted to the motor resulted not in higher revolutions but stronger vibrations of the table.