The Archaeological Survey of India has safeguarded our rich history for 150 years. Sir William Jones initiated the archeological and historical pursuits in India. Publication of Asiatic Researches (1788) introduced a new area of interest on protection of the historical remains and numerous monuments in India. The surveys of Cunningham led to several discoveries such as monolithic capitals and other remains of Ashoka, specimens of architecture of Gupta and post-Gupta period; great stupa of Bharhut; identification of ancient cities namely: Sankisa, Sraswavit and kausambi.
Treasure Trove Act 1878 is the premier institution in India concentrating on archaeological researches, explorations, excavations and protection and preservation of monuments and sites of national importance. A.S.I. functions under Ministry of Culture, Government of India.
Its functions include:
- Archaeological researches
- Explorations
- Protection of the cultural heritage of the nation
- Maintenance of ancient monuments and archeological sites
- Regulate all archaeological activities
Definition of a ‘monument’: structure, erection and monument tumulus, cave, rock structure inscription, monolith, historical, or archaeological, interest has been in existence not less than 100 years ( A.S.I.). There are approximately 3650 monuments under A.S.I., which include temples, mosques, tombs, churches, cemeteries, forts, palaces, stepwells, rock cut caves, and secular architecture that represent the remains or mounts/sites of civilizations.
