The main problem associated with natural resources is unequal consumption. A major part of natural resources are consumed in the ‘developed’ world. The ‘developing nations’ also over use many resources because of their greater human population. However, the consumption of resources per capita (per individual) of the developed countries is up to 50 times greater than in most developing countries
FOREST RESOURCES
A forest can be defined as a biotic community predominant of trees, shrubs or any other woody vegetation usually in a closed canopy.
USES OF FOREST
1. Commercial uses 2. Ecological uses
Commercial uses:
Wood – used as a fuel ii. Supply wood for various industries – Raw materials as pulp, paper, furniture timber etc. iii. Minor forest products – gum, dyes, resins iv. Many plants – Medicines v. Supply variety of animal products – honey. Ivory, horns etc. vi. Many forest lands are used for - Mining, grazing, for dams and recreation.
Ecological uses:
Production of oxygen: Photosynthesis produces large amount of oxygen which is essential for life.
Reducing global warming: Carbon dioxide is one of the main green house gas. It is absorbed by plants for photosynthesis. Therefore the problem of global warming caused by CO2 is reduced.
Wild life habitat: Forest is the home of millions of wild animals and plants.
Pollution moderators: Forest can absorb many toxic gases and noises and help in preventing air and noise pollution.
OVER EXPLOITATION OF FOREST
Due to over population, there is an increased demand for medicine, shelter, wood and fuel. Hence exploitation of forest materials is going on increasing.
Cause of over exploitation:
1. Increasing agricultural production.
2. Increasing agricultural activities.
3. Increase in demand of wood resources
