(a) Baking soda is sodium hydrogen carbonate. On heating, it is converted into sodium carbonate which is bitter in taste

(b) Baking soda can be converted into baking powder by the addition of appropriate amount of tartane acid to it.
(c) The role of tartanc acid is to neutralize sodium carbonate and cake will not taste bitter.
(d) Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) whereas baking powder is a mixture of baking soda (NaHCO3) and tartaric acid (C4H6O6).