Technology : The application of scientific knowledge to the practical aims of human life.
Technology is all around us, from the smartphones and smartwatches to solar-powered street lights and all-electric cars. So how do we define technology? Are there any criteria that can be used to define the term “technology?” Can fire discovered by a caveman hundreds of thousands of years ago be considered as technology?
Technology is born with the accomplishment of scientific progress and breakthroughs. However, the exact definition of technology varies according to context.
- Technology can be defined as the application of scientific knowledge to change and manipulate the human environment.
- Technology can also be defined as the branch of knowledge that caters to the creation and use of technical means and their relationship with society and environment, using engineering, applied and pure science.
- The sum of ways in which social groups provide themselves with material objects of their civilization.
History of Technology
The term technology is derived from the ancient Greek words “techne” and “logos”, which translates to “art, craft” and “word, speech” respectively. The term was used for the first time in the 17th century, and it was denoted to mean “a discussion of the applied arts”. However, with the industrial movement beginning in the 20th century, the term “technology” was used to represent a range of processes and techniques, in addition to machinery and tools. Over time, the term was used to associate scientific progress and breakthroughs in various disciplines.
Technological Advancements
The Renaissance, which occurred from the 14th to 17th centuries in Europe, marked a surge of interest in literature, arts and science. Most of today’s fundamental principles and the basis for many inventions were established during that time. For instance, renowned scientists, astronomers and inventors such as Leonardo da Vinci, Nicolaus Copernicus, Rene Descartes, Blaise Pascal, all lived during this time period. These individuals contributed many principles, theories and ideas that would become the basis for all the things we have in our world today.
The next big leap in technological advancement came during the Industrial Revolution, which began in the 1760s. This movement gave birth to many inventions such as the steam engine, the Spinning Jenny, the power loom and the electrical telegraph. When the world plunged into the two world wars, technological progress skyrocketed. This is because if any national had technological superiority, it could mean the difference between life and death. World War II, in particular, spawned countless innovations and inventions. The most significant inventions include the jet engine, synthetic rubber, radar, helicopters and penicillin.
Pros and Cons of Technology
Technology is a boon for many of us by making our lives easier.
- Saves time
- Enable instant communication and interaction
- Improves quality of life
- Helps to ensure safety
- Easy access to information/ products or services
Though technology has changed our lives for the better, there are many negative implications.
- Causes addiction
- Increases pollution
- Create a shortage of jobs
- Natural resources get exhausted
