Large growing population: This causes greater demand of water and unequal access of people to water resources. Greater demand means demand for food and rise in food grain production which needs more water.
Over-exploitation of water resources: To expand irrigated areas and dry season, farmers have their own wells and tube wells which may lead to falling groundwater levels.
Intensive industrialization: In industry for various purposes, water is heavily used. To run industries, power is required and 22% of it comes from hydro-electricity.
Urbanization: Large and dense population adds to water demand and scarcity. Most pump groundwater to meet their needs and water tables are falling consistently.
Lack of rainwater harvesting: It is not mandatory except in Tamil Nadu.
