According to Darwin, the fitness of an organism is measured by its reproductive ability. Also the appearance of new forms is linked to the lifespan of an organism. The greater its lifespan, the more it can reproduce and hence, greater new forms would appear. This can be observed in the Development of dark-winged moth due to industrial melanism.
For example, industrial evidence: It is a case of natural selection. In England, it was observed before industrialisation that white-winged moth were more than dark-winged moth. But the situation became reversed after industrialisation. It was found that predators will spot and pick a moth against a contrasting background. During pre-industrialisation, the tree trunks were covered by white lichens and on white-background dark coloured moth can be picked up. During post industrialisation, the tree trunks were covered by dark, dust, coal particles and became dark, on which white moth can easily be picked up. Thus, it was found that industrial melanism supports evolution by natural selection.
