|
Characteristics |
Prokaryotic Cell |
Eukaryotic Cell |
|
1. Size |
1. Small |
1. Comparatively large |
|
2. Nucleus |
2. Primitive or incipient nucleus, also called as nucleoid or genophore.
(i) It lacks nuclear membrane.
(ii) It lacks nucleous.
(iii) Genetic material DNA is not associated with histone proteins. |
2. Well developed and true nucleus is present.
(i) It has nuclear membrane.
(ii) it has nucleolus.
(iii) Genetic material DNA is associated with histone proteins. |
|
3. Number of Chromosomes |
3. (i) One, but not true chromosome.
(ii) Plasmid is present. |
3. (i) More than one chromosomes are present.
(ii) Plasmid is absent. |
|
4. Cell Type |
4. Usually unicellular (some cyanobacteria may be multicellular). |
4. Usually multicellular. |
|
5. Membrane bound cell organelles |
5. Mitochondria, golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum etc. present. |
5. There is no cell organelles except ribosome. |
|
6. Ribosomes |
6. Smaller, 70 S types. |
6. Larger, 80 S types. |
|
7. Lysosomes |
7. Absent |
7. Present. |
|
8. Cell division |
8. Mitosis and meiosis not occur. |
8. Mitosis and meiosis takes place. |
|
9. Respiratory system |
9. Present in plasma membrane. |
9. Present in mitochondria. |
|
10. Photosynthetic system |
10. Present in lamellae. |
10. Present in plastids. But absent in animal cells. |
|
11. Flagella |
11. Flagella are composed of microfibrils and lack 9+2 arrangement. |
11. Flagella are composed of microtubules and 9 + 2 arrangement occurs. |
|
12. Capsule |
12. May be present. |
12. Absent. |
|
13. Sexual Reproduction |
13. Absent or sometime occurs. |
13. Well developed. |
|
14. Genetic recombination. |
14. Partial, undirectional transfer. |
14. Meiosis and fusion of gametes. |
|
15. Microtubules
Example: |
15. Absent or rare
Bacteria, blue green algae (Cyanobacteria and Mycoplasma). |
15. Present
Protists, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. |
